Revision Notes
Memory – Multi Store Model
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MULTI STORE MODEL (MSM) Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968): Proposed the MSM, which has two distinct stores: – short term memory – long term memory Properties of the Multi Store Model: Feature Coding (how the memory is stored) Capacity Duration Sensory Memory Held in the same way it is registered Large capacity Sperling (1960) […]
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Memory – Type of Long Term Memory
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TYPES OF LONG-TERM MEMORY Episodic Memory Stored in the right hemisphere of the brain Specifies personal events / memories Events occurring in an individual’s life Semantic Memory Stored in the left hemisphere of the brain Meanings Understandings General knowledge Procedural Memory Stored in the cerebellum and basal ganglia Performance of action Unconsciously performed Habits […]
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Memory – Working Memory Model
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THE WORKING MEMORY MODEL Baddeley suggested that the multi-store model was too simplistic and therefore developed the Working Memory Model Version of STM that sees this store as an active processor Central Executive (CE) Most important component of the model Component that oversees and co-ordinates the other components of the Working Memory […]
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Social Influence – The role of Social Influence processes in Social Change
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THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INFLUENCE PROCESSES IN SOCIAL CHANGE Social Cryptoamnesia – when social change occurs in a society, the attitude or opinion becomes an integral part of the society’s culture, but the source is usually forgotten In-groups – used to describe people similar to you (e.g social class) Outgroups – used to […]
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Social Influence – Minority Influence
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MINORITY INFLUENCE Minority Influence – a type of social influence that motivates individuals to reject the establishment of majority groups by a small group of people influencing the beliefs and behaviours of others Minority influence involves consistency, commitment, and flexibility for a social change to occur Consistency Style of thinking Flexibility Identification – […]
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Social Influence – Resistance to Social Influence
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RESISTANCE TO SOCIAL INFLUENCE Explanations for resistance to social influence Social support – people may resist pressures to conform or obey if they have support from someone else who agrees with them and disagrees with the majority. This encourages them to act more independently and oppose any pressures of conformity / obedience. Asch: there […]
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Social Influence – Explanations for Obedience
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EXPLANATIONS FOR OBEDIENCE Autonomous State – individuals are seen as personally responsible for their actions Dehumanisation – stripping individuals of their rights and anything that makes them human FACTORS AFFECTING OBEDIENCE Internal Explanations External Explanations – Dispositional Explanation: the behaviour is due to a person’s internal characteristics – Authoritarian Personality: a distinct personality pattern characterised […]
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Social Influence – Conformity to Social Rules (Zimbardo)
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Zimbardo Case Study Aim: – wanted to see whether people would conform to the social roles of a prison guard or prisoner when placed in a mock prison environment Method: – He used 21 male university students who volunteered in response to a newspaper advert – Each participant was paid $15 to take […]
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Social Influence – Types of Conformity and Explanations
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Conformity Yielding to group pressure A change in a person’s behaviour or opinions as a result of a real or imagined pressure from a person/group of people TYPES OF CONFORMITY Identification Compliance Internalisation – Going along with what others are doing – simply to fit in with a group but once away from those individuals, […]
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Map Scales and Scale Drawings
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. The drawing of maps are scaled down because the actual length is too long . The drawing length of buildings on a map is proportional to the real length Drawing Length and Actual Length: Measure the distance between the two points on a map with a rule A scale of 1cm : 100m shows […]
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