MULTI STORE MODEL (MSM) Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968): Proposed the MSM, which has two distinct stores: –     short term memory –     long term memory   Properties of the Multi Store Model: Feature Coding (how the memory is stored) Capacity Duration Sensory Memory Held in the same way it is registered Large capacity Sperling (1960) […]

TYPES OF LONG-TERM MEMORY   Episodic Memory Stored in the right hemisphere of the brain Specifies personal events / memories Events occurring in an individual’s life Semantic Memory Stored in the left hemisphere of the brain Meanings Understandings General knowledge Procedural Memory Stored in the cerebellum and basal ganglia Performance of action Unconsciously performed Habits […]

THE WORKING MEMORY MODEL   Baddeley suggested that the multi-store model was too simplistic and therefore developed the Working Memory Model Version of STM that sees this store as an active processor     Central Executive (CE) Most important component of the model Component that oversees and co-ordinates the other components of the Working Memory […]

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INFLUENCE PROCESSES IN SOCIAL CHANGE Social Cryptoamnesia – when social change occurs in a society, the attitude or opinion becomes an integral part of the society’s culture, but the source is usually forgotten   In-groups – used to describe people similar to you (e.g social class)   Outgroups – used to […]

MINORITY INFLUENCE   Minority Influence – a type of social influence that motivates individuals to reject the establishment of majority groups by a small group of people influencing the beliefs and behaviours of others Minority influence involves consistency, commitment, and flexibility for a social change to occur   Consistency Style of thinking Flexibility Identification – […]

RESISTANCE TO SOCIAL INFLUENCE   Explanations for resistance to social influence Social support – people may resist pressures to conform or obey if they have support from someone else who agrees with them and disagrees with the majority. This encourages them to act more independently and oppose any pressures of conformity / obedience. Asch: there […]

EXPLANATIONS FOR OBEDIENCE Autonomous State – individuals are seen as personally responsible for their actions Dehumanisation – stripping individuals of their rights and anything that makes them human FACTORS AFFECTING OBEDIENCE Internal Explanations External Explanations – Dispositional Explanation: the behaviour is due to a person’s internal characteristics – Authoritarian Personality: a distinct personality pattern characterised […]

Conformity Yielding to group pressure A change in a person’s behaviour or opinions as a result of a real or imagined pressure from a person/group of people TYPES OF CONFORMITY Identification Compliance Internalisation – Going along with what others are doing – simply to fit in with a group but once away from those individuals, […]